今(jin)天我們來討(tao)論一(yi)下(xia)什么是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)物(wu)流(liu)與(yu)采購管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、工(gong)商(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、市(shi)場營(ying)銷、電子商(shang)(shang)務等(deng)多(duo)個(ge)學科(ke)基礎上發(fa)展起來的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)門新興學科(ke)，主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)學習和研究如(ru)何認清組織環(huan)境，如(ru)何明確需(xu)求與(yu)規劃共(gong)贏，如(ru)何進(jin)行(xing)市(shi)場分(fen)析，如(ru)何制定戰略、如(ru)何進(jin)行(xing)績效(xiao)考評的(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)(zong)合管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。未來公(gong)司(si)(si)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)能力的(de)(de)(de)競爭，其(qi)實就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)競爭，大家(jia)對供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)簡單理(li)解(jie)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。其(qi)實供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)里面一(yi)個(ge)小點，況且(qie)每(mei)家(jia)公(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)不只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)條應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該有(you)很多(duo)條的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)實際上就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)產品鏈(lian)、資金鏈(lian)信(xin)息鏈(lian)、控制流(liu)程鏈(lian)等(deng)等(deng)相互作用綜(zong)(zong)合的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)方式。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)讓客(ke)戶(hu)滿意(yi)(yi)企業盈利。那么讓客(ke)戶(hu)滿意(yi)(yi)就(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)質量好，交付快讓企業盈利就(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)本低，效(xiao)率(lv)高。所以供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)四(si)個(ge)指(zhi)標是(shi)(shi)質量好，交付快、成(cheng)(cheng)本低，效(xiao)率(lv)高。在當(dang)今(jin)數字(zi)化的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)需(xu)要(yao)在多(duo)平臺(tai)強應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用硬(ying)科(ke)技、低成(cheng)(cheng)本、高利潤的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中發(fa)展。
實施供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)因為供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)更(geng)具有(you)活力，更(geng)對(dui)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)成員帶來(lai)實質性的(de)好(hao)處。不(bu)過，要(yao)(yao)成功(gong)的(de)執行，供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)之間必須要(yao)(yao)有(you)很好(hao)的(de)信息(xi)共(gong)享，而且要(yao)(yao)做到(dao)開誠(cheng)布(bu)公的(de)信息(xi)分享，對(dui)于追求不(bu)同(tong)目標(biao)的(de)企(qi)業(ye)來(lai)講，實在(zai)不(bu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)件很容易的(de)事情(qing)(qing)。尤其是(shi)當一(yi)(yi)家企(qi)業(ye)與眾(zhong)多的(de)競爭(zheng)對(dui)手均有(you)合作的(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，要(yao)(yao)實現(xian)信息(xi)共(gong)享更(geng)加(jia)困難。供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)就是(shi)在(zai)滿足(zu)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)客戶服務水平的(de)條(tiao)件下(xia)，為了(le)使整個(ge)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)系(xi)統達到(dao)成本最小，而把供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)(shang)、制造(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)、倉庫配送(song)中心和渠道商(shang)(shang)等有(you)效地(di)組(zu)織在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)進行的(de)產(chan)品制造(zao)(zao)、產(chan)品運轉、分銷及銷售的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)法(fa)。供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)包括計劃采購、制造(zao)(zao)、配送(song)、配貨(huo)五大基本內容，供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)與優化的(de)方(fang)法(fa)很多。況且每個(ge)企(qi)業(ye)不(bu)僅(jin)相同(tong)，所(suo)以一(yi)(yi)味的(de)去(qu)借鑒別人的(de)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)，不(bu)如(ru)安下(xia)心來(lai)專注(zhu)研究自己的(de)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)。原因就是(shi)每個(ge)企(qi)業(ye)都(dou)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣，每個(ge)企(qi)業(ye)都(dou)有(you)自己的(de)特點。比如(ru)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)企(qi)業(ye)A方(fang)面強，B方(fang)面弱。
它采用的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)A方(fang)面(mian)弱，B方(fang)面(mian)強。則正好優(you)勢(shi)互補，如果不加以分析而(er)貿然引進別(bie)人的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)，那么植(zhi)入的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)病(bing)毒。所(suo)以供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)企業(ye)不可取代(dai)的(de)(de)核(he)心(xin)(xin)競爭力，這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)核(he)心(xin)(xin)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根本(ben)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)非常復雜且動(dong)態多(duo)變，但眾多(duo)企業(ye)已經在供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)中獲得了豐富的(de)(de)經驗和顯(xian)著的(de)(de)成(cheng)果。當前，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)發(fa)展正呈現一(yi)(yi)(yi)些明顯(xian)的(de)(de)趨勢(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時間與(yu)(yu)速(su)度，二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)量與(yu)(yu)資(zi)本(ben)生(sheng)產率。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)組織精(jing)簡，四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)客戶服(fu)務。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)有八大(da)基本(ben)原(yuan)則，一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)源和資(zi)源橫向集成(cheng)，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強強聯合(he)、優(you)勢(shi)互補的(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)(li)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原(yuan)理(li)(li)，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工(gong)作相互作用產生(sheng)的(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原(yuan)理(li)(li)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)贏(ying)互惠原(yuan)理(li)(li)，形(xing)成(cheng)新的(de)(de)利益共同(tong)體，通過(guo)協商機制謀(mou)求(qiu)(qiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種多(duo)贏(ying)互惠的(de)(de)目標。四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)作共享(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)(li)，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)要(yao)合(he)作，二(er)要(yao)共享(xiang)(xiang)。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需求(qiu)(qiu)驅動(dong)原(yuan)理(li)(li)。原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)以生(sheng)產為中心(xin)(xin)，向以顧客為中心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)轉變。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)快速(su)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)原(yuan)理(li)(li)。七是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)步運作原(yuan)理(li)(li)。八是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)態重構(gou)原(yuan)理(li)(li)，讓供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)保持是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)態的(de)(de)，可以重構(gou)的(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)(li)。關于更(geng)多(duo)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)知識，我們(men)后期繼(ji)續討論。
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